This study analyzes the role of religious fatwas issued by the Indonesian Ulama Council (MUI), Nahdlatul Ulama (NU), and Muhammadiyah in supporting the Indonesian government's implementation of health protocols and vaccination programs during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, low compliance with some protocols and programs persists among segments of the Indonesian population. Understanding the impact of these religious pronouncements on compliance behavior is crucial for effective pandemic management.  This study employs the concepts of self-government and biopolitics from Michel Foucault's perspective to analyze how religious fatwas issued by the Indonesian Ulama Council (MUI), Nahdlatul Ulama (NU), and Muhammadiyah shape and influence the religious understanding of Indonesian society during the COVID-19 pandemic. It specifically focuses on fatwas related to pandemic protocols and vaccination programs, investigating how they address contestations within religious discourse. The analysis demonstrates that these institutions are aware of the need for religious narratives to be inclusive and adaptive to the challenges faced by Indonesian society. By integrating scientific knowledge into their pronouncements, fatwas from MUI, NU, and Muhammadiyah have played a crucial role in guiding religious awareness within the public sphere. This research concludes that, during the pandemic, religious fatwas can effectively position religious discourse and scientific knowledge proportionally, promoting public health and social cohesion.

Link: https://petita.ar-raniry.ac.id/index.php/petita/article/view/257

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